Insects and microorganisms are important components of the biodiversity and ecology of forests. This course covers the diversity, biology and ecology of insects and pathogens, both native and non-native species and especially those that are tree pests or cause diseases. The course also covers entomological and pathological methods, forest protection and other relevant topics.

Diseases and abiotic damage influence the use and maintenance of forest ecosystems, tree populations and individual trees. This course provides a basic overview of important infectious diseases and abiotic damage in woody plants, with a focus on Central Europe.