Digital Design I

Abstract

The course introduces the fundamentals of digital design in architecture. The aim is to develop a deeper understanding of the role of digital processes within a contemporary building culture. At the core stands the question of how to use digital architectural design methods in a creative, purposeful and self-confident manner.

Objective

The course combines weekly lectures, technical tutorials, and practical exercises. It focuses on both foundational and contemporary methods, strategies, and concepts of digital design and digital fabrication, illustrated through concrete examples from research and practice. The aim is to demystify algorithmic techniques and develop a nuanced understanding of their design potential and limitations within the architectural context. Programming is not approached as a purely technical skill, but as an integral component of architectural design methodology—a cultural technique that enables a targeted approach to complexity and high levels of detail in both design and fabrication processes. The relevance of algorithmic and process-oriented iterative strategies is continually reflected upon and redefined in relation to specific project contexts. Key topics covered in the lectures include: - Space and data - CAD systems and their historical development - Algorithmic thinking and visual programming in architecture - Parametric and process-oriented design strategies - Standardization, rationalization, and industrial production - Non-standard design and digital fabrication processes - BIM, digital twins, and data-driven design practices - Fundamentals of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the design process - Computer graphics and digital visualization: real-time rendering, virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) - Simulation, form-finding, generative design, and digital optimization methods The accompanying exercises provide opportunities to directly apply the concepts discussed in class. The focus is on building a foundational understanding of computational geometry, fostering algorithmic and iterative thinking, developing creative problem-solving strategies, and recognizing and managing the interaction between parameters and geometric form—a core principle of parametric and iterative design. Skills and tools covered include: - 3D modeling with Rhinoceros 3D - Visual programming with Grasshopper - Integration and live linking between Grasshopper and ArchiCAD - Use of virtual and augmented reality with Radii - Artificial intelligence in the design process - Introduction to digital fabrication through 3D printing

Resources