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Philosophy of Biology – A Spinozist Perspective
Last Updated: 2026-06-03 00:14:55
Abstract
In the mid-17th century, Spinoza proposed a unique philosophy, offering a novel conception of nature. Though modern biology did not exist then, his framework provides a metaphysical basis for understanding life. This seminar explores a biological reading of Spinoza to illuminate and critically engage questions relevant to contemporary biology.
Objective
Critically apply Spinoza's metaphysics to core problems in modern biology.
Content
Two hundred years before Darwin's "Origin of Species," Baruch Spinoza presented one of the most unique philosophies, proposing a new and unified view of nature. Although biology as an academic discipline as we know it today did not exist in his time, his philosophical framework offers a deeply relevant metaphysical foundation for understanding nature. The seminar will include a close reading of Spinoza's texts, especially the 'Ethics', and relevant secondary literature. The main topics discussed will include: 1. Spinoza's Basic Metaphysics from a biological point of view – an introduction. 2. What is an Organism and an Individual? 3. Defining "Species" (Animals, plants): The status of universals versus particulars. 4. The Part and the Whole: What are the relationships between the "part" and the "whole" in biological systems?
General Information
- Language
- English
- Levels
- DS
Examination
- Type
- graded semester performance
Registration & Places
- Max Places
- 25
Course Components
| Type | Title | Time & Place | Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| seminar | Philosophy of Biology – A Spinozist Perspective |
|
2 h weekly |
Offered In
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Science in Perspective (In “Science in Perspective”-courses students learn to reflect on ETH’s STEM subjects from the perspective of humanities, political and social sciences. Only the courses listed below will be recognized as "Science in Perspective" courses.)
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Type A: Enhancement of Reflection Competence (SiP courses are recommended for bachelor students after their first-year examination and for all master- or doctoral students. All SiP courses are listed in Type A. Courses listed under Type B are only recommendations for enrollment for specific departments.)
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Type B: Reflection About Subject-Specific Methods and Contents (Subject-specific courses. Particularly relevant for students interested in those subjects. All these courses are also listed under the category “Typ A”, and every student can enroll in these courses.)
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